Search techniques

There are general search principles that work in most databases. By adjusting your keywords and search techniques, you can improve your search and experiment to find relevant search results. Use the tutorials provided by the databases and our guides below to see what applies in the database you want to search in.

Combine the search terms (AND, OR, and NOT) 

When you have created your search blocks and gathered your search terms, it is important to combine them in a way that is logical for the database. You do this using Boolean search logic or Boolean operators - named after mathematician George Boole. The most useful Boolean operators are AND, OR, and NOT. These can be used in almost all databases. In some databases, you can also use other, more specialized operators. Information about them can be found in the help texts of each database and in the library's database sheet.

Broad and narrow searches

The goal when conducting a search in a database is, if possible, to capture all relevant documents for the question you have while avoiding those that are irrelevant. It is important to find a balance in the search that suits the purpose of your search and the inquiry you have.

  • A broad search captures more documents, both relevant and irrelevant. The more alternative terms/synonyms each search block contains - the more OR - the broader the search becomes.

(Feeding and eating disorders OR anorexia nervosa OR bulimia nervosa OR binge-eating disorder) AND (family-based treatment OR family treatment OR parent-therapist alliance OR parent-focused treatment OR parent-child relations OR parents OR home treatment)

  • A narrow search captures fewer documents, both relevant and irrelevant. The more search blocks your search contains - the more AND - the narrower it becomes.

Anorexia nervosa AND Family-based treatment AND Adolescents

When you have combined all your search terms and conducted an initial search, it is advisable to review the search results and analyze whether the search strategy captures the type of hits you want. To find a good search strategy, you need to test and modify your search several times before arriving at your final search strategy.

Remember that there is nothing wrong in itself with the search capturing articles that are not relevant to your research question. It is rather completely in order when you are conducting a systematic search. The important thing is that the search simultaneously captures those articles that you want, and that the total number of hits does not become too large (in relation to how much time you have for your work). 

Is the search not capturing key articles? 

Read more about how you can easily check if the key articles were captured in your search, and how to adjust your search strategy:

Broaden your search

Narrow your search

Search guide to common databases

Here you will find tips and videos on searching in the most used databases at KI.

In the library's database sheet, there is a quick guide to the operators and functions of different databases. In the help text of each database, you will find more information about the functions in that specific database you are searching in.

Manage search results and articles

To access the articles you are interested in full text - that is, the entire article text - click on the link “Get it!@KI” that is next to each article reference if you accessed the database through the library's website kib.ki.se. Even when you search in databases that are freely available for anyone to search in, such as PubMed or Google Scholar, you need to go through kib.ki.se in order to see the link “Get it!@KI” and thus access the full article text. Read more about access and KI's subscriptions here.

Sort and filter the search results list

Databases often sort the results list you get when you search in order of relevance, not chronologically. A good idea is to look through part of the results list in both order of relevance and chronologically to evaluate your search results.If you want to filter by study type, language, or age of the articles, there are often pre-made filters available in the database menus. Read more about how filters work in each database.

Save articles and searches

There are several ways to save the article references you find and the search you conducted:

  • Create an account in the database. Through this, you can save both individual article references you find and the entire search so you can access it again. Read about how to do this in the help section of each database.
  • Use a reference management program to save article references. You can later use them to get an automatic reference list when you write your paper. There are several different reference management programs, including EndNote Online and Zotero. Read more here - Reference management programs. 
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Last updated: 2025-06-30